https://hist231.hist.sites.carleton.edu/files/original/a4ce286a21d8246139940a5f6161b965.jpg b97f1d6a3fc5eb78abffdf9fc83cc7d7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Geography of Africa Description An account of the resource Livio Sanuta’s Geografia dell’Africa contains 12 two-page black and white maps, sketched by Livio and engraved by his brother Giulio, depicting Africa and its surrounding waters from a variety of perspectives. Published in Venice in 1588, this book, including its maps, builds on foundational trends in Venetian cartography. Because the Venetian economy depended on maritime trade, much of Venetian cartography, beginning with the creation of portolan charts, focused on waterways. Eventually, by the sixteenth century, during Sanuto’s lifetime, hydrographic mapping took hold as cartographers sought to map river channels and systems for the purpose of environmental planning. Giacomo Gastaldi’s topologically-focused Map of 1564 presents the southern tip of Africa’s hydrographical system and inspired Sanuto’s maps shortly after. Like Gastaldi, Sanuto sought to depict as many of Africa’s geographical features as possible based on eye witness accounts, rather than simply treating Ptolemy’s Geography, a dominant text at the time, as incontestable. Maps one through 11 of Sanuto’s work capture specific regions of Africa, and five of those maps depict different sections of the Mediterranean Sea and the African coastline. The other six maps depict snapshots of other corners of Africa. The twelfth map depicts Africa as a whole. Due to Sanuto’s geographic focus, hills and mountain ranges symbolized by bumplike shapes litter this map, although the difference in size among the symbols is somewhat unclear. Sanuto also depicts rivers, which appear on the map as lines. Each of the rivers are labeled in Italian, as are the surrounding seas, in addition to some of the cities and larger regions. Sanuto concentrates most of his labels and geographic features in the top of his map though, causing some of the labels to almost blend in with the geographic symbols. The surrounding areas of the map primarily depict the ocean, which is represented by a collection of faint dots, and a few sketches of ships and sea monsters. It also includes some labeled islands. In the 11 more zoomed in maps, the mountain ranges and waterways become much clearer, as do their labels, as they no longer overlap. Some of these maps also include port labels, sketches of volcanoes, and sketches of manmade structures, such as castles or clusters of teepees. Additionally, because these maps cover smaller areas, Sanuto varies the sizes of his symbols more, making the difference in size among mountain ranges particularly noticeable. He also adds some indistinguishable clusters of symbols that could represent different types of vegetation. Though maps one through 11 include more details than the twelfth map, Sanuto emphasizes the same primary geographic features across all the maps, and each map contains some form of scale marker, in addition to labeled latitude lines, reflecting the increasing focus on geography and proportion in sixteenth century Venetian cartography. Overall, these maps, and the text that follows in the rest of the Geografia, seek to highlight places of interest in Africa and to describe cities and the people living within them. (Piper Brown 2025) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Livio Sanuto Giulio Sanuto Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Sanuto, Livio. Geografia dell’Africa. Venice: Damiano Zenaro, 1588. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Atlas Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Sanuto, Livio. Geografia dell’Africa: Venice 1588. Amsterdam: Theatrum orbis terrarum, 1965. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1588 Medium The material or physical carrier of the resource. Engraving Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Special Collections, Carleton College, Northfield, MN Relation A related resource <a href="https://exhibits.stanford.edu/renaissance-exploration/catalog?f%5Bauthor_person_facet%5D%5B%5D=Sanuto%2C+Livio%2C+1520-1576">https://exhibits.stanford.edu/renaissance-exploration/catalog?f%5Bauthor_person_facet%5D%5B%5D=Sanuto%2C+Livio%2C+1520-1576</a> Language A language of the resource Italian Type The nature or genre of the resource Atlas Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context <a href="https://bridge.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01BRC_INST/1tn7c8c/alma991014759089702971%20">Carleton Library Special Collections (Folio) (DT7 .S25 1965)</a> Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Africa References A related resource that is referenced, cited, or otherwise pointed to by the described resource. Campbell, Tony. “Letter Punches A Little-Known Feature of Early Engraved Maps.” Print Quarterly 4, no. 2 (1987): 151–54. <a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/41823757">http://www.jstor.org/stable/41823757</a>. Cosgrove, Denis. “Mapping New Worlds: Culture and Cartography in Sixteenth-Century Venice.” Imago Mundi 44 (1992): 65–89. <a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/1151230">http://www.jstor.org/stable/1151230</a>. “Geografia dell’ Africa by Sanuto, facsimile with commentary.” Carta Historica, Edelweisslaan 13. Accessed October 18, 2024. <a href="https://www.cartahistorica.com/our-catalogue/reference-works-facsimiles/geografia-dell-africa-by-sanuto-facsimile-with-commentary/">https://www.cartahistorica.com/our-catalogue/reference-works-facsimiles/geografia-dell-africa-by-sanuto-facsimile-with-commentary/</a>. Pastore, Christopher. “Embracing the Other: Venetian Garden Design, Early Modern Travelers, and the Islamic Landscape.” In Gardens of Renaissance Europe and the Islamic Empires: Encounters and Confluences, edited by Mohammad Gharipour, 11–30. Penn State University Press, 2017. <a href="https://doi.org/10.5325/j.ctv14gpbt3.7">https://doi.org/10.5325/j.ctv14gpbt3.7</a>. Randles, W. G. L. “South-East Africa as Shown on Selected Printed Maps of the Sixteenth Century.” Imago Mundi 13 (1956): 69–88. <a href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/1150243">http://www.jstor.org/stable/1150243</a>. Relaño, Francesc. The Shaping of Africa : Cosmographic Discourse and Cartographic Science in Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe. Burlington, Vt: Ashgate, 2002. Skelton, R.A. “Bibliographical Note.” In Sanuto, Livio. Geografia dell’Africa : Venice 1588. Amsterdam: Theatrum orbis terrarum, 1965. Woodward, David. “The Italian Map Trade, 1480-1650.” In The History of Cartography, vol. 3, part 1, Cartography in the European Renaissance, ed. David Woodward. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2007. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Rights for maps held by individual publishers and institutions. Thumbnails displayed constitute fair use. Alternative Title An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific. Geografia del’Africa Africa latitude mountains ports rivers Scale Bar sea monsters Venice