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          <name>Title</name>
          <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <text>Magdeburg</text>
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          <name>Alternative Title</name>
          <description>An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific.</description>
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              <text>Magdeburgum </text>
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          <name>Description</name>
          <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <text>This 1577 printed map provides a bird’s eye view of Magdeburg, a central city in Germany situated along the Elbe. When Braun and Hogenberg decided to include Magdeburg in their city atlas, it was one of the “largest and most prosperous German cities.” First published in the 16th century, the Civitates orbis terrarum was the first six-volume atlas to include maps of town views and plans around the world; the Magdeburg map was included in the first volume, published in Latin. Magdeburg is printed on a two-page opening and is preceded by a one-page written description of the town in Latin and minimal Greek. The map is oriented East-up, placing the city within its walls and is surrounded by vast fields and smaller neighboring towns. Most remarkable are the four people in the foreground on a hill. Many other maps in the atlas also included figures showcasing local attire and may even point out socioeconomic differences depending on what the figure is doing and wearing.&#13;
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The large cartouche on the bottom-left corner is in Latin, when translated, it explains how Magdeburg was 1) once called Parthenopolis, 2) is the capital of Saxony, and 3) is known for its city walls and proximity to the Elbe. The Magdeburg Coat of Arms can be seen in the upper-right portion of the map, depicting a maiden standing on a city wall, in between two towers, holding a wreath above her head. The 1572 version of the map was copper engraved and later hand-colored. &#13;
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Developed in parallel with Ortelius’ Theatrum orbis terrarum, the Civitates orbis terrarum atlas consisted of copies of maps from printed models or unpublished primary sources. While Hogenberg did engrave this particular version of the Magdeburg map, it was more than likely not an original creation. Following the second volume of the atlas, named De præcipius, totius universi urbibus liber secundus, maps contained in the expanding atlas now included illustrations sent in by readers. In total, the different versions of the atlas all included under the  Civitates orbis terrarum title contain 363 maps.  &#13;
&#13;
(Crisitina Camarillo '23 and Jacob Sanders '25)</text>
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          <name>Creator</name>
          <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <text>Georg Braun and Frans Hogenberg</text>
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          <name>Format</name>
          <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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              <text>Sheet map removed from atlas. 32 x 42 cm</text>
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          <name>Date</name>
          <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <text>1572.</text>
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          <name>Medium</name>
          <description>The material or physical carrier of the resource.</description>
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              <text>Copper engraving </text>
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          <name>Contributor</name>
          <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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              <text>Special Collections, Carleton College, Northfield, MN</text>
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          <name>Language</name>
          <description>A language of the resource</description>
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              <text>Latin</text>
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          <name>Type</name>
          <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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              <text>City Map</text>
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          <name>Identifier</name>
          <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="956">
              <text>&lt;a href="https://bridge.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01BRC_INST/1v6hqgu/alma991017888695902971" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Carleton Library Special Collections (Flat Files) (G5700 1400-1800 Map 08)&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <name>Spatial Coverage</name>
          <description>Spatial characteristics of the resource.</description>
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              <text>Magdeburg</text>
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              <text>Magdeburg, Germany</text>
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          <name>References</name>
          <description>A related resource that is referenced, cited, or otherwise pointed to by the described resource.</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="958">
              <text>&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Braun, Georg, Joris Hoefnagel, and Simon Novellanus. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Civitates Orbis Terrarum&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;. Atlas. &lt;br /&gt;Cologne, Germany: Peter von Brachel, 1640. Accessed February 27, 2023. https://exhibits.stanford.edu/leonardo/catalog/db076zm5895.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Woodward, David. "The History of Cartography Volume Three: Cartography in the European Renaissance Part 2." 2007. In The History of Cartography: Cartography in the European Renaissance, 1235-340. Vol. 3. Chicago, United States of America: University of Chicago Press, 2007. Accessed March 6, 2023. https://press.uchicago.edu/books/HOC/HOC_V3_Pt2/Volume3_Part2.html.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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          <name>Rights</name>
          <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="959">
              <text>Rights for maps held by individual publishers and institutions. Thumbnails displayed constitute fair use.</text>
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        <element elementId="48">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <text>Braun, Georg, and Frans Hogenberg. “Magdeburgum.” Coloniae Agrippinae [Cologne: Apud Godefridum Kempensem, 1577.</text>
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      <name>city view</name>
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      <name>Civitates orbis terrarum</name>
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    <tag tagId="304">
      <name>Elbe river</name>
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      <name>Germany</name>
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      <name>Magdeburg</name>
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