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          <name>Title</name>
          <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="715">
              <text>Columbus Map</text>
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          <name>Description</name>
          <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <text>This 15th-century map combines a portolan chart and a world map. Anonymous and not precisely dated, the map is separated into two distinct spaces, divided by a line embellished with gold at the left edge of the sheet of parchment (the "neck" or pointed end). &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;To the right is a portolan chart of the Mediterranean that includes the Portuguese discoveries in Africa as far as the Gulf of Guinea. On the left is a small circular map of the world, which reflects European geographical knowledge at the very beginning of its exploration of the Americas. The cosmography is inscribed in nine celestial circles, which fits with the prevailing geocentric conception of the universe of the time. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The only humans depicted are two warring figures in what might be modern-day Mali or Niger, one holding a spear and shield and the other a bow.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The map has been attributed to Christopher Columbus, but this remains a highly controversial claim.</text>
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        <element elementId="39">
          <name>Creator</name>
          <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="717">
              <text>Unknown</text>
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          <name>Source</name>
          <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="718">
              <text>Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, Cartes et Plans, Rés. Ge AA 562</text>
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          <name>Format</name>
          <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="719">
              <text>Sheet map</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="45">
          <name>Publisher</name>
          <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <text>&lt;em&gt;La carta de Cristóbal Colón: mapa portulano, ca. 1492-1500&lt;/em&gt;. Introduction by José Luis Comellas. Barcelona: M. Moleiro Editor, S.A., 1995.</text>
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          <name>Date</name>
          <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <text>ca. 1492</text>
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          <name>Medium</name>
          <description>The material or physical carrier of the resource.</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="722">
              <text>Manuscript</text>
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        <element elementId="37">
          <name>Contributor</name>
          <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="723">
              <text>Special Collections, Carleton College, Northfield, MN</text>
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        <element elementId="46">
          <name>Relation</name>
          <description>A related resource</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="724">
              <text>https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b59062629/f1.item&#13;
&#13;
https://www.raremaps.com/gallery/detail/56928/portolan-on-vellum-the-disputed-christopher-columbus-port-m-moleiro-editor-sa [offers a high resolution digital &#13;
copy]&#13;
&#13;
https://images.cnrs.fr/en/video/6877</text>
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        <element elementId="44">
          <name>Language</name>
          <description>A language of the resource</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="725">
              <text>Latin</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
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        <element elementId="51">
          <name>Type</name>
          <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="726">
              <text>World map, cosmographical map</text>
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          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="43">
          <name>Identifier</name>
          <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <text>&lt;a href="https://bridge.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01BRC_INST/1qvg0jh/alma991013341839702971" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Carleton Library Special Collections Map (Map, Rolled) G3201.P5 1492 .C3 1995&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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        <element elementId="81">
          <name>Spatial Coverage</name>
          <description>Spatial characteristics of the resource.</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="729">
              <text>North Africa, West Africa, Europe, Western Mediterranean, Eastern Mediterranean</text>
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        <element elementId="75">
          <name>References</name>
          <description>A related resource that is referenced, cited, or otherwise pointed to by the described resource.</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="730">
              <text>Astengo, Corradino.  "The Renaissance Chart Tradition in the Mediterranean." In &lt;em&gt;History of Cartography&lt;/em&gt;, vol. 3, edited by David Woodward, 174-262.  Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2007.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"Utopie - La Carte De Christophe Colomb."  expositions.bnf.fr/utopie/grand/2_27.htm.</text>
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        <element elementId="47">
          <name>Rights</name>
          <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="731">
              <text>Rights for maps held by individual publishers and institutions. Thumbnails displayed constitute fair use.</text>
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          <name>Alternative Title</name>
          <description>An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific.</description>
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              <text>La carta de Cristóbal Colón</text>
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      <name>cosmography</name>
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    <tag tagId="44">
      <name>mappamundi</name>
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    <tag tagId="5">
      <name>Mediterranean</name>
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      <name>portolan</name>
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      <name>portolan chart</name>
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