https://hist231.hist.sites.carleton.edu/files/original/aecff674d1be298a130473b47d03371f.jpg 1db748e9fd9ce26b9fd0dd13db2e49d0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Depiction of Hell from the Divina Commedia: Codex Altonensis Description An account of the resource On the page directly preceding the title page in the Divine Comedy manuscript, a full-page circular diagram is shown representing Dante’s depiction of Hell, Dante’s first stop along his epic journey across multiple spiritual realms. Outlined with a thin red line, this large circular diagram is eyeball-like: mostly white, but a small dark circle in the center. Around the dark circle, ten concentric circles of Italian writing expand outward, creating an illusion that one must descend to reach the darkness. This illusion of descension is significant in that Lucifer alone occupies the space at “the lowest and narrowest point of the universe” which is “the greatest distance from God.” Depicting Hell as a set of circles heading downward to the figure of Satan draws heavily on cosmographical charts with concentric circles showing the earth, "terra", in the center. Satan’s head and upper body is shown in frontal view within the dark circle at the center of the page, like an icon. Satan is depicted as a hairy monster with three faces and taloned wings on either side of its human-like abdomen. Each of Satan’s blood-smeared faces is in the middle of consuming naked human bodies, which drip with blood and are labeled with Italian names. The faces on either side are eating the human bodies leg-first, so that the humans’ arms and screaming heads drape out of its mouths. Satan’s middle face has completely engulfed the top-half of a human, and its arms hold the remaining legs steady as it stuffs the human’s waist into its mouth. Despite being mostly consumed, the human’s feet still brace against the demon’s chest in resistance. Satan’s two visible eyes face forward to the viewer, and its expressions seems to frown and scream. Dante and Virgil are portrayed in two places, both outside but touching the circular diagram. In the upper left corner, Virgil is shown bringing Dante into a dark arched doorway, presumably leading down to Hell. In the lower left, Dante and Virgil are shown sliding on their bellies out the mouth of a tube, toward a small blue circle in the corner of the page. The portrayal of Dante and Virgil together in two different moments on the page is characteristic of the medieval illustration style of demonstrating moments occurring in more than one space and time within one image. The page is slightly transparent, so the large blue illustration on the other side of the page shows through slightly. Ella Stack 22’ Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Unknown Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Christianeum (Hamburg-Altona, Hamburg, Germany) Bibliothek Manuscript Codex Altonensis Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Map in manuscript Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Dante Alighieri, Hans. Haupt, Hans Ludwig Scheel, and Bernhard. Degenhart. Divina commedia : Codex Altonensis Berlin: Gebr. Mann Verlag, 1965. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1350x1410 Medium The material or physical carrier of the resource. Illustrated Manuscript Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Special Collections, Carleton College, Northfield, MN Language A language of the resource Italian Type The nature or genre of the resource Inferno map Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context <a href="https://bridge.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01BRC_INST/1tn7c8c/alma991014184889702971" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Special Collections (Folio) (PQ4301 .A1 1965)</a> Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Hell References A related resource that is referenced, cited, or otherwise pointed to by the described resource. Alighieri, Dante, and Hans Haupt. Divina Commedia: Codex Altonensis. Berlin: Gebr. Mann Verlag, 1965. Print. Brieger, Peter H., Millard Meiss, and Charles Southward Singleton. Illuminated Manuscripts of the Divine Comedy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton UP, 1969. Print. Schulze Altcappenberg, Hein-Th., and Sandro Botticelli. Sandro Botticelli : the Drawings for Dante’s Divine Comedy . London: Royal Academy of Arts, 2000. Print. Hamel, Christopher De. A History of Illuminated Manuscripts. London: Phaidon, 1994. Print. Harley, J. B., David Woodward, Mark S. Monmonier, and Mary Sponberg Pedley. The History of Cartography Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Rights for maps held by individual publishers and institutions. Thumbnails displayed constitute fair use. 14th century Dante Demons Hell Inferno Italy Lucifer Map