https://hist231.hist.sites.carleton.edu/files/original/462a6e3d0bc1f7998644c2a98a9e4191.jpg 9cc1cc966a65e2669ea37cbc51c643b4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Bloys Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Georg Braun, Frans Hogenberg, P. Von Brachel, et al. Bloys. In: Civitates Orbis Terrarvm. Vol. 2. Cologne: 1575. https://www.loc.gov/item/2008627031/. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Cities of the World Alternative Title An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific. Civitates Orbis Terrarvm; Beschreibung und Contrafactur der vornembster Stät der Welt Description An account of the resource Georg Braun and Frans Hogenberg’s 16th-century Cities of the World is a six-volume city atlas. Each volume features detailed engravings of cities from around the world, the early volumes focusing primarily on European cities. In the second volume facsimile, every map is outlined in a gold border and has dark, rich colors. These maps are realistic representations, rather than schematic ones, in that the maps’ buildings and their surrounding landmarks are drawn in detail. Prior to the page, or spread, that a map fills, a page of Latin text edited by Braun provides historical and cultural context. The maps in this volume have two types of perspectives: aerial, showing the city from a great height, and bird’s-eye, looking directly down on the city. The aerial views show the cities from a distance, while the surrounding areas are shown in greater detail. Topographical lines mark the hills encompassing the cities, an artistic development that appeared during the Renaissance and was quickly adopted by cartographers. The maps from a bird’s-eye view are from a top-down show the city streets in detail, sectioning off the city from the countryside with thick, bold lines. This bird’s-eye view was developed during the Renaissance, and Hogenberg uses this engraving technique to defy perceptual limitations and portray the cities as God would see them. The borders between the city and the agricultural land are a visual means of separation, highlighting the cities’ understandings of urban identity. These borders are a physical form of separation, while the humans depicted in the foreground of the maps show cultural separation. The people drawn in the foreground range from representations of farmers to soldiers, and their scale is larger than that of the city buildings in the background, placing an emphasis on their presence. Along with these larger figures, there are smaller scenes depicting battles and trade. Braun’s inclusion of these scenes communicates the towns’ histories and economies in an informational, yet enjoyable, form for travelers and readers. The readability of the volume sets it apart from traditional wall maps. By reading through this volume, readers from the 16th century would have had a greater understanding of their world than if they were looking at a single map. The time and resources necessary for this single atlas are also far greater than a sheet map. By owning all six volumes, one would not only be highly educated, but they would be displaying a high degree of wealth. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Georg Braun & Frans Hogenberg Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Georg Braun. Beschreibung und Contrafactur der vornembster Stät der Welt. Cologne: J. Hornung, 1572-1618. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Atlas Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Georg Braun & Frans Hogenberg. Beschreibung und Contrafactur der vornembster Stät der Welt, Max Schefold. Plochingen: Müller und Schindler, 1965. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1575 Medium The material or physical carrier of the resource. Engraving Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Special Collections, Carleton College, Northfield, MN Relation A related resource https://www.loc.gov/item/2008627031/ https://clemson.maps.arcgis.com/apps/Shortlist/index.html?appid=ba6fb42c256746f1ae96136087b1e752 Language A language of the resource German, Latin Type The nature or genre of the resource City Views Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context <a href="https://bridge.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01BRC_INST/1tn7c8c/alma991014858959702971" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Carleton College Library Special Collections (Folio) G140 .B715</a> Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. World References A related resource that is referenced, cited, or otherwise pointed to by the described resource. Ballon, Hilary, and David Friedman. “Portraying the City in Early Modern Europe: Measurement, Representation, and Planning.” In The History of Cartography 3, vol. 3:680–704. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1987. Elliot, James. “Braun & Hogenberg and after: the Town Plans of the 17th Century.” British Library, March 15, 2017. https://www.bl.uk/picturing-places/articles/braun-and-hogenberg-and-after-the-town-plans-of-the-17th-century. Năiduţ, Petruţa. “A Book of Cities: Mapping Urban Space in Braun and Hogenberg’s Civitates Orbis Terrarum (1572-1617).” American, British, and Canadian studies 34, no. 1 (2020): 8–25. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Rights for maps held by individual publishers and institutions. Thumbnails displayed constitute fair use. atlas Battles borders city views Civitates Orbis Terrarvm Engravings Europe world